Compressor



1950 c. H. KITTLESON 2,519,586

COMPRESSOR Filed Jan. 13, 1949 2 Sheets-Sheet l FIG.|

INVENTOR: CASPER H. KITTLESON waw ATT'YS Aug. 22, 1950 c. H. KITTLESON2,519,

COMPRESSOR Filed Jan. 15, 1949 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. CASPER H.KITTLESON 4.84. xQMJJw a.

AIT'YS Patented Aug. 22,1950

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 8 Claims.

. This invention relates to improvements in compressors and especiallyto compressors having a motor cooperatively incorporated therein to forma unitary structure.

The main objects of this invention are to provide a new and improvedcompressor unit wherein a motor for actuating the pistons iscooperatively incorporated therein; to provide a device of thischaracter having means for reciprocating the pistons and preventing anyrotational motion thereof; to provide in a device of this character apair of axially aligned pistons suitably connected together and havingan axially aligned bore extending from the head of one piston to thehead of the other piston; to provide a device of this character whereinthe piston connector is provided with a plurality of oppositely directedspaced cylindrical cam grooves disposed equiangularly about thecircumference of the connector; to provide a device of this characterhaving axially and angularly spaced followers adapted to ride in theaforesaid cam grooves; and to provide a device of this character whichis relatively simple in construction and operation and more efiicientthan compressors now in use.

A specific embodiment of this invention is shown in the accompanyingdrawings in which: V Figure 1 is a vertical cross sectional view of thedevice of my invention.

'Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view taken on the line i-3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4is a cross sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is an end View taken on the line 55 of Fig. l.

Referring in detail to the drawings, the device of the present inventioncomprises a housing generally indicated by a numeral I made up of twocylindrical outer walls or casings 2 and 3.

respectively, each having a series of laterally extending perforatedears 4 and 5 respectively, whereby the casing wall members 2 and 3 maybe bolted together by a series of bolts 6. The casing walls 2 and 3 areeach provided with end plates 1 and 1' respectively, which end platesare suitably bolted to the endsof the outer casing walls 2 and 3 by aseries of bolts 8. The outer casing wall 3 is provided with an annularcoolant chamber 9, the purpose of which will be hereinafter more fulldescribed.

' .An annular field winding I0 is securely anchored to the inner face ofthe casing walls 2 and 3 medially of the outer ends thereof, as isclearly shown in 1 of the drawings.

The rotor H is provided with an armature l2 suitably positioned. in theusual manner adjacent the field winding 15, the peripheral side edges ofthe armature i2 is provided with laterally extending, diagonally shapedmembers l3 which are arranged to seat in complementary shaped annulargrooves contained in the rotor l I as clearly shown in Fig. 1 of thedrawings.

A ring M is anchored to the rotor i i by means of a bracket ring !5 andan inwardly projecting flange-like member I5 on the rotor I l and boltsI 6 and It so that the ring M will be rigidly secured to the rotor l land rotate therewith. The i4 is provided with a pair of axially andangularly spaced followers i! and I1 each comprising a block it, amachine bolt l8 which is adapted for threaded engagement in the ring !4and adapted to extend through the block l8, a roller l9 posittionedadjacent the block H by the headed. end of the bolt Ill.

The rotor is supported in the housing by a series of suitable bearings2E and 2! respectively.

The end plates '5 and. '1' respectively, are each provided with inwardlyextending annular member 22 and 23 respectively, which members form thecylinder walls.

. ference of the connector sleeve 2'5, into which the respective rollersid of the followers I7 and ll ride to effect reciprocating motion to thedouble ended piston.

The pistons 2.4 and 25 and their connector member 25 are provided withan axially aligned bore which extends completely through from the headof one piston to the head of the opposite iston to form a duct.

The cylinder wall 22 is provided with an inwardly extending flangemember 32 which is rigidly secured to the free end of the cylinder wall22 by means of bolts 33 whereby to provide an anchor or seat for aplurality of radially spaced longitudinally extending rods 3 35, 35 and3! respectively, which rods may be threaded, press fitted or otherwiserigidly secured to the flange member 32 as will be apparent from Fig. 1of the drawings. These rods, 34 to El respectively, extend toward thepiston 24 and the terminal ends are adapted to seat in suitablecooperating inwardly extending bores 38 in the lower or bottom wall ofthe piston 24 as is clearly shown in Fig. 1. The bores 38 are providedwith suitable oilite bushings 39. The rods or pins 34 to 3!respectively, are provided for the purpose of preventing oscillation ofthe pistons 24 and 25 upon stroke of the pistons in their respectivecylinders because the pistons are driven by the action of the followersI! and l 1' which rotate with the rotor and transmit movement of thepistons through the cam grooves 29 and 30. Under such conditions thepistons would tend to oscillate except for the pins 34 to 31respectively. The pistons of this construction will now reciprocateonly.

The housing I is also provided with a series of radial cooling fins 40for the purpose of dissipating heat in the housing I.

In addition to utilizing the fins to for cooling the housing I anddissipating heat, I have also provided an arrangement whereby therefrigeration gas may also be circulated through the device toadditionally dissipate the heat. I provide an inlet conduit 6| extendingbetween the inlet port 4| of the coolant chamber 9 and the T fitting 32which is in turn connected to the return conduit :33 coming from therefrigeration system. The gas is drawn into the coolant chamber 9 on thesuction stroke of the piston 2 3' and simultaneously drawn out of thechamber 9 at a diametrically opposite exhaust port 4% through conduit 45to the service valve it; and into the cylinder 25. When the piston 25 ison the suction side of its stroke, the valve will automatically open inthe usual and customary manner, drawing in the gas from both theconduits 33 and'45 and passes in the duct 3|. At the same time some ofthe gas will blow by the piston 25, that is, it seeps between thecylinder walls 22 of the piston 24 and flows into all the open spaces inthe inside chamber of the housing. If the pressure of the gas in theinside chamber of the housing is greater than the pressure of the gas inthe chamber 9, the pressure regulator or relief valve 46' opens andallows the gas in the rotor to flow into the coolant chamber 9, therebyequalizing the pressure within the inside chamber of the housing and thecoolant chamber 9 at all times to prevent the forming of high backpressure in the inside chamber of the housing.

The device is also provided with suitable valving means M, such as wafertype valves for closing the exhaust ends of duct 31 in the piston 25 andvalving means 43, of the usual wafer type, in the exhaust port 48located in the end plate "5 and the compression stroke of the piston 25,whereby upon the suction stroke of the piston 25 the valve 41 will openand allow the gas in the duct 3! to flow into the cylinder 23. The valved9 is closed during this cycle. Upon the compression stroke of piston 35the valve t'll will close and the valve '39 will open thereby forcingthe gas under pressure outwardly through the exhaust port 48 where it isdirected by a suitable conduit 59 to the usual condenser (not shown).When the piston 25 is on its compression stroke, the piston 2 will be onthe suction side of its stroke. During the suction stroke of piston 24the valve means 41' will be closed and the valve means 49' will beopened to draw the refrigerant from conduits 43 and 45 into the cylinderchamber 24'. Similarly the service valve 46 will be opened. On thecompression side of the stroke of piston 24, the valves 41 and 4? willbe opened to allow-the refrigerant in chamber 24' to flow into the duct3| and simultaneously the valves 49 and 49 will be closed. I

- The service valves 46 and 46" located at both ends of the housingadjacent the inlet and outlet sides of the compressor are of the usualcommon type in everyday use and detailed explanation is believed to beunnecessary.

The annular wall 2 of the housing I is also provided with a wire inlet5| comprising a bushing 52 and an insulator member 53 through which theusual electrical wires pass connecting the motor winding 10 to a sourceof current.

It will also be apparent, depending entirely upon the size of the unitas a whole, and the amount of gas to be forced to the refrigeratingsystem, that in the event a larger sized motor compressor is desired, itwould, of course, be more practical to employ 4, 6 or 8 cam grooves andsuitable cooperating followers, and it is to be understood that althoughonly two followers have been fully disclosed herein that the inventionis adapted to be enlarged by additional followers being put in andemployed without departing from the spirit of the invention. Numerousdetails of the construction shown may be altered or omitted withoutdeparting from the spirit of this invention as defined by the followingclaims.

I claim: I

1. In a device of the class described, a housing having a field winding,a rotor operatively associated therewith having an armature, astationary cylinder block axially mounted in said housing, a

pair of axially aligned spaced cylinders in said on said connectormeans, roller means rigidly secured at one end to said rotor and theopposite end adapted to seat'in said track groove, and means onsaidcylinder block cooperatively associated with one of said pistonswhereby upon rotationof said rotor said pistons will reciprocate only.

v 2. In a' device of the class described, a housing having a fieldwinding, a rotor operatively associated therewith having an armature, astationary cylinder block axially mounted in said housing, a pair ofaxially aligned spaced cylinders in said cylinder block, a double actingpiston member comprising a pair of opposed and connect-ed piston heads,each piston disposed in a respective cylinder, a pair of oppositelydirected cam tracks on said piston'member positioned medially oi saidpistons and disposed equi-angularly about the circumference thereof, apair of axially and angularly spaced followers rigidly secured to saidrotor,

- the free end of each of said followers disposed in respective camtracks whereby to impart movement to said pistons upon rotation of saidrotor, and means to restrain said pistons to reciproeating movementonly. t

3, In a device of the class described, a housing having afield winding,a rotor operatively asso ciated therewith having an armature, astationary cylinder block axially mounted in said housing, a pair ofaxially aligned spaced cylinders in said cylinder block, a double actingpiston member comprising a pair of opposed and connected piston heads,each piston ,disposedin a respective cylinder, a pluralit of oppositelydirected cam tracks on said piston member positioned medially of saidpistons and disposed equiangularly about the circumference thereof, aplurality of axially and angularly spaced followers rigidly secured tosaid rotor, the free end of each of said followers disposed inrespective cam tracks whereby to impart movement to said pistons uponrotation of said rotor, and means to restrain said pistons toreciprocating movement only.

4. The device according to claim 2 wherein said restraining means iscooperatively associated with said pistons and said cylinder block.

5. The device according to claim 2 wherein said last mentioned meanscomprises a rigid member cooperatively associated with one of saidpistons and corresponding cylinder wall whereby to prevent oscillationof said iston member.

6. The device according to claim 2 including a cooling chamber withinsaid housing, relief means disposed between said chamber and theinterior of said housing whereby to prevent formation of high backpressures within said housing by refrigerant which blow by saidcylinders, and means to circulate the refrigerant in said coolingchamher.

7. A motor compressor unit comprising a housing, a field windingpositioned adjacent the inner periphery of said housing, a pair of endplates for said housing each having an inwardly projecting portionforming a cylinder block and having a cylinder therein, a rotor havingan armature cooperatively associated with said winding, a plurality ofbearing members on said cylinder block for spacing said rotor therefrom,an annular ring rigidly secured to said rotor, a pair of axially andangularly spaced follower members rigidly secured to and extendingradially from said ring, a pair of opposed, rigidly interconnectedpistons, said pistons being disposed in respective cylinders, a pair ofoppositely directed cam tracks, disposed. equiangularly about thecircumference of the member connecting said pistons, the free ends ofsaid follower members being disposed in respective cam tracks, wherebyupon rotation of said rotor movement will be imparted to said pistons,and rigid means cooperatively disposed between said pistons and saidcylinder block and connected thereto to prevent rotational movement ofsaid pistons.

8. A device according to claim 7 including an annular cooling chamber insaid housing and means to prevent high back pressures from forming insaid housing, said means being arranged to provide communication withsaid cooling chamber.

CASPER H. KITTLESON.

No references cited.

